Periodontology; It concerns the health of the hard and soft tissues surrounding the teeth. Inadequate oral hygiene, some systemic diseases, incompatible prostheses, trauma cause periodontal diseases. Since gum (periodontology) diseases can cause irreversible results as tooth loss, patients should have periodontology checks regularly.
Gingivitis (gingivitis)
Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease. It causes the gums to become red, swollen and bleed easily. There is usually no discomfort at this stage. Gingivitis is often caused by poor oral hygiene. Gingivitis is restored with professional treatment and good oral care.
Factors that can cause gingivitis include diabetes, smoking, aging, genetic predisposition, systemic diseases and conditions, stress, malnutrition, puberty, hormonal fluctuations, pregnancy, substance abuse, HIV infection, and some drug use.
Periodontitis
Untreated gingivitis can turn into periodontitis. Over time, plaque can spread and grow below the gum line. Toxins produced by bacteria in plaque irritate the gums. Toxins stimulate a chronic inflammatory response in which the tissue and bones that support teeth are broken down and destroyed. The gums separate from the teeth, forming infected pockets (spaces between teeth and gums). As the disease progresses, pockets deepen and more gum tissue and bone are destroyed. Usually, this devastating process has very mild symptoms. Eventually, the teeth may loosen and need to be pulled.
Periodontitis has many forms. The most common types of periodontitis are:
Aggressive periodontitis: Occurs in clinically healthy patients. Common features include rapid bone destruction and familial (genetic) predisposition.
Chronic periodontitis: results in inflammation and bone loss in the supporting tissues of the teeth. This is the most common form of periodontitis and is characterized by pocket formation and / or gingival recession. It is common in adults but can occur at any age. The progression of the loss of attachment is usually slow, but there may be situations where it progresses quickly.
Periodontitis usually begins at a young age as a symptom of systemic diseases. Systemic conditions such as heart disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes are associated with this form of periodontitis.
Necrotizing periodontal disease is an infection that causes necrosis (death) of gum tissues. These lesions are most common in people with systemic conditions such as HIV infection, malnutrition and immunosuppression (diseases that suppress the immune system).
Untreated gingivitis can turn into periodontitis. Over time, plaque can spread and grow below the gum line. Toxins produced by bacteria in plaque irritate the gums. Toxins stimulate a chronic inflammatory response in which the tissue and bones that support teeth are broken down and destroyed. The gums separate from the teeth, forming infected pockets (spaces between teeth and gums). As the disease progresses, pockets deepen and more gum tissue and bone are destroyed. Usually, this devastating process has very mild symptoms. Eventually, the teeth may loosen and need to be pulled.
Periodontitis has many forms. The most common types of periodontitis are:
Aggressive periodontitis: Occurs in clinically healthy patients. Common features include rapid bone destruction and familial (genetic) predisposition.
Chronic periodontitis: results in inflammation and bone loss in the supporting tissues of the teeth. This is the most common form of periodontitis and is characterized by pocket formation and / or gingival recession. It is common in adults but can occur at any age. The progression of the loss of attachment is usually slow, but there may be situations where it progresses quickly.
Periodontitis usually begins at a young age as a symptom of systemic diseases. Systemic conditions such as heart disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes are associated with this form of periodontitis.
Necrotizing periodontal disease is an infection that causes necrosis (death) of gum tissues. These lesions are most common in people with systemic conditions such as HIV infection, malnutrition and immunosuppression (diseases that suppress the immune system).
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